TOP MEDICAL JOURNALS

REVIEW ARTICLES

Apoptosis and eosinophils. Regulation and clinical relevance [  Abstract ] Faris Q Alenzi?

ORIGINAL ARTICLES T

he effect of paclitaxel on rats following benzoapyrene treatment [  Abstract ] Didem Cosan,  Ayse Basaran,  Irfan Degirmenci,  Hasan V. Gunes,  Erinc Aral

The contribution of nitric oxide on the relaxation effects of diethylstilbestrol [  Abstract ] Askin Hekimoglu,  Fatma Celik,  Taskin Tas,  Aydin Ece,  Vatan Kavak

The role of succinylcholine in the prevention of the obturator nerve reflex during transurethral resection of bladder tumors [  Abstract ] Mehmet Cesur,  Ali F. Erdem,  Haci A. Alici,  Turgut Yapanoglu,  Mustafa S. Yuksek,  Yilmaz Aksoy

Anatomical, radiological and histological investigation of the great and small saphenous veins [  Abstract ] Ayla Kurkcuoglu,  Tuncay Peker,  Nadir Gulekon

The effect of 2 different concentrations of rectal ketamine on its premedicant features in children [  Abstract ] Murat M. Sayin,  Arzu Mercan,  Hatice Ture,  Ozge Koner,  Selami Sozubir,  Bora Aykac

Anesthesia for cesarean section in pregnancies complicated by placenta previa [  Abstract ] Charles O. Imarengiaye,  Etinosa P. Osaigbovo,  Sampson O. Tudjegbe

Intraoperative complications of outpatient interval tubal sterilization at a teaching hospital in Turkey [  Abstract ] Berna Dilbaz,  Derya Akdag,  Huseyin Cengiz,  Ahmet Akyunak,  Serdar Dilbaz,   Ali Haberal

Narcotic drug abuse and other risk factors in 100 operated patients for acute cholecystitis in Birjand, Iran [  Abstract ] Morad Hashemzehi,  Mahin Esmaili-Motlagh,  Mitra Moodi,  Mahdi Balali-Mood

Effects of transfer from the operating room to the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery on hemodynamics and blood gases [  Abstract ] Sevim Celik,  Selma Gurkan,  Yildiz Atilgan,  Zeynep Ustabasi,  Aysel Sari

Dyspnea, pulmonary function and exercise capacity in adult Saudi patients with sickle cell disease [  Abstract ] Hatem F. Alameri,  Aamer Aleem,  Walid Kardas,  Ahmed Jehangir,  Mohammad Owais,  Abdulkarim Al-Momen

Asthma control assessment using asthma control test among patients attending 5 tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia [  Abstract ] Hamdan H. Al-Jahdali,  Mohamed S. Al-Hajjaj,  Mohammed O. Alanezi,  Mohamed O. Zeitoni,  Turki H. Al-Tasan

Blood pressure control among type 2 diabetics [  Abstract ] Ahmed M Al-Shehri

Assessment of lipid profile in Saudi type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic periodontal patients [  Abstract ] Dalal H. Al-Otaibi,  Nadir A. Babay,  Syed S Habib,  Khalid Almas

Comparison of the efficacy of combination and monotherapy with caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B against invasive candidiasis [  Abstract ] Ozlem Tunger,  Halim Bayram,  Kenan Degerli,  Gonul Dinc,  Banu C. Cetin

The therapeutic and prophylactic role of oral zinc sulfate in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis ras in comparison with dapsone [  Abstract ] Khalifa E. Sharquie,  Rafid A. Najim,  Raafa K. Al-Hayani,  Adil A. Al-Nuaimy,  Darseem M. Maroof,

Drug use evaluation of antibiotics prescribed in a Jordanian hospital outpatient and emergency clinics using WHO prescribing indicators [  Abstract ] Sahar I. Al-Niemat,  Diana T. Bloukh,  Manal D. Al-Harasis,  Alen F. Al-Fanek,  Rehab K. Salah

The changing epidemiological trends for carcinoma of the lung in Turkey [  Abstract ] Ugur Gonlugur,  Tanseli E. Gonlugur,  Melih Kaptanoglu,  Aydin Nadir,   Ziynet Cinar

Dietary habits and exercise practices among the students of a Saudi Teachers’ Training College [  Abstract ] Khalid S. Al-Gelban

Study of the newborn feeding behaviors and fentanyl concentration in colostrum after an analgesic dose of epidural and intravenous fentanyl in cesarean section [  Abstract ] Hala M Goma,  Reem N Said,  Amr M. El-Ela

The distribution and classification of clefts in patients attending a cleft lip and palate clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [  Abstract ] Khalid M. Al-Balkhi

CASE REPORTS

Stapedectomy in tympanosclerosis, hearing results [  Abstract ] Munahi Al-Qahtani,  Abdulrahman Hagr

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy Rosai-Dorfman’s Disease as cause of isolated hilar lymphadenopathy and complete remission after high dose steroid [  Abstract ] Hamdan H. Al-Jahdali,,  Nehad N. Al-Shirawi,  Hana S. Bamefleh,,  Nizar M. Yamani

Bilateral femur metastasis in endometrial adenocarcinoma [  Abstract ] Yu Qin,  Zhilan Peng,  Yan Gao

Acute toxemic schistosomiasis complicated by acute flaccid paraplegia due to schistosomal myeloradiculopathy in Sudan [  Abstract ] Abdelmonim F. Ahmed,  Abdelrahman S. Idris,  Abid M. Kareem,  Talal A. Dawoud

BRIEF COMMUNICATION

The value of latex particle agglutination test for rapid detection of bacterial antigens in the cerebrospinal fluid [  Abstract ] Nasser M. Kaplan

Improved outcome of children with acute myeloid leukemia treated on 2 consecutive protocols [  Abstract ] Taha M. Khattab,  Ayad A. Atra,  Najla A. Elimam,   Ahmed Kassar,  Abdullah Zayed,  Abdullah Baothman

Malignant breast lesions in Eastern Nigeria [  Abstract ] Martin A. Nzegwu,  Adanna Anyikam,  Ben C. Ozumba,  Anthony I. Ugochukwu,  Kenneth A. Agu

Morbidity and mortality rounds in a Saudi hospital [  Abstract ] Ahmad M. Zubaidi

CORRESPONDENCE

Characterization of rotavirus strains detected among children and adults with acute gastroenteritis in Gizan, Saudi Arabia [  Abstract ] Ghulam Nabi,  Ali M. Kheyami ,  Nigel A. Cunliffe

Community genetic services for congenital anomalies and genetic disorders in the Northwest of Iran [  Abstract ] Saeed Dastgiri

Risk Factors associated with esophageal cancer in North of Iran [  Abstract ] Abdolvahad Moradi

ERRATUM

Risk factors associated with esophageal cancer in North of Iran [  Abstract ]

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy in the State of Qatar [  Abstract ]

Sensitivity of in-house polymerase chain reaction for detecting hepatitis B-DNA in HbsAg positive sera [  Abstract ]

BOOK REVIEWS

Textbook of Disaster Psychiatry [  Abstract ] Ibrahim Al-Khodair

Background:
Based on a large, representative unscreened cohort from Malmö, Sweden, we have recently reported that a single prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement at or before age 50 is a strong predictor of prostate cancer occurring up to 25 years subsequently. We aimed to determine whether this association holds for advanced cancers, defined as clinical stage T3 or higher, or skeletal metastasis at the time of the cancer diagnosis.
Methods:
In 1974–1986 blood samples were obtained from a cohort of 21,277 men aged up to 50. Through 1999, 498 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and of these 161 had locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancers. Three controls, matched for age and date of venipuncture, were selected for each case. Conditional logistic regression was used to test associations between molecular markers and advanced cancer.
Results:
Median time from venipuncture to diagnosis was 17 years. Levels of all PSA forms and hK2 were associated with case status. Total PSA was a strong and statistically significant predictor of subsequent advanced cancer (area under the curve 0.791; p < 0.0005). Two-thirds of the advanced cancer cases occurred in men with the top 20% of PSA levels (0.9 ng/ml or higher).
Conclusion:
A single PSA test taken at or before age 50 is a very strong predictor of advanced prostate cancer diagnosed up to 25 years later. This suggests the possibility of using an early PSA test to risk-stratify patients so that men at highest risk are the focus of the most intensive screening efforts.

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Background:
The dominantly inherited condition familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is caused by germline mutations in the APC gene. Finding the causative mutations has great implications for the families. Correlating the genotypes to the phenotypes could help to improve the diagnosis and follow-up of patients.
Methods:
Mutation screening of APC and the clinical characterization of 96 unrelated FAP patients from the Swedish Polyposis Registry was performed. In addition to generally used mutation screening methods, analyses of splicing-affecting mutations and investigations of the presence of low-frequency mutation alleles, indicating mosaics, have been performed, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect lowered expression of APC.
Results:
Sixty-one different APC mutations in 81 of the 96 families were identified and 27 of those are novel. We have previously shown that 6 of the 96 patients carried biallelic MUTYH mutations. The 9 mutation-negative cases all display an attenuated or atypical phenotype. Probands with a genotype (codon 1250–1464) predicting a severe phenotype had a median age at diagnosis of 21.8 (range, 11–49) years compared with 34.4 (range, 14–57) years among those with mutations outside this region (P < 0.017). Dense polyposis (> 1000) occurred in 75% of the probands with a severe phenotype compared with 30% in those with mutations outside this region. The morbidity in colorectal cancer among probands was 25% at a mean age of 37.5 years and 29% at a mean age of 46.6 years.
Conclusion:
Using a variety of mutation-detection techniques, we have achieved a 100% detection frequency in classical FAP. Probands with APC mutations outside codon 1250–1464, although exhibiting a less-severe phenotype, are at high risk of having a colorectal cancer at diagnosis indicating that age at diagnosis is as important as the severity of the disease for colorectal cancer morbidity.

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Background:
The dominantly inherited condition familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is caused by germline mutations in the APC gene. Finding the causative mutations has great implications for the families. Correlating the genotypes to the phenotypes could help to improve the diagnosis and follow-up of patients.
Methods:
Mutation screening of APC and the clinical characterization of 96 unrelated FAP patients from the Swedish Polyposis Registry was performed. In addition to generally used mutation screening methods, analyses of splicing-affecting mutations and investigations of the presence of low-frequency mutation alleles, indicating mosaics, have been performed, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect lowered expression of APC.
Results:
Sixty-one different APC mutations in 81 of the 96 families were identified and 27 of those are novel. We have previously shown that 6 of the 96 patients carried biallelic MUTYH mutations. The 9 mutation-negative cases all display an attenuated or atypical phenotype. Probands with a genotype (codon 1250–1464) predicting a severe phenotype had a median age at diagnosis of 21.8 (range, 11–49) years compared with 34.4 (range, 14–57) years among those with mutations outside this region (P < 0.017). Dense polyposis (> 1000) occurred in 75% of the probands with a severe phenotype compared with 30% in those with mutations outside this region. The morbidity in colorectal cancer among probands was 25% at a mean age of 37.5 years and 29% at a mean age of 46.6 years.
Conclusion:
Using a variety of mutation-detection techniques, we have achieved a 100% detection frequency in classical FAP. Probands with APC mutations outside codon 1250–1464, although exhibiting a less-severe phenotype, are at high risk of having a colorectal cancer at diagnosis indicating that age at diagnosis is as important as the severity of the disease for colorectal cancer morbidity.

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